Is Plaque and Tartar the Same Thing? Understanding the Differences
While plaque and tartar are both forms of dental buildup that can harm your teeth and gums, they are distinctly different. Understanding their differences is crucial for maintaining good oral hygiene. This article will clarify their nature, formation, and the implications for your dental health.
What is Plaque?
Plaque is a sticky, colorless film that constantly forms on your teeth. It's a complex mixture of bacteria, food particles, and saliva. The bacteria in plaque produce acids that attack tooth enamel, leading to cavities (dental caries). Plaque also irritates the gums, contributing to gingivitis, the early stage of gum disease. The good news is that plaque is relatively easy to remove with regular brushing and flossing.
What is Tartar?
Tartar, also known as calculus, is hardened plaque. Over time, if plaque isn't removed, it mineralizes due to exposure to saliva's minerals, particularly calcium and phosphate. This hardening process transforms the soft, sticky plaque into a hard, yellowish-brown deposit that clings tightly to the teeth. Tartar is much more difficult to remove than plaque and requires professional cleaning by a dentist or hygienist.
How Does Plaque Turn into Tartar?
The transformation of plaque into tartar is a gradual process. It typically takes about 24-72 hours for plaque to begin mineralizing. Factors that can speed up this process include:
- Poor oral hygiene: Inadequate brushing and flossing allow plaque to accumulate rapidly.
- Diet: Frequent consumption of sugary and starchy foods provides a readily available food source for bacteria, accelerating plaque formation.
- Dry mouth: Reduced saliva flow can hinder the natural cleansing process of the mouth, leading to faster plaque buildup.
- Certain medical conditions: Some medical conditions and medications can affect saliva production and increase the risk of tartar formation.
Can I Remove Tartar Myself?
No. Unlike plaque, tartar cannot be removed by brushing and flossing alone. Its hard, calcified nature requires professional cleaning tools and techniques used by dentists and hygienists. Attempting to remove tartar yourself can damage your tooth enamel and gums.
What are the Consequences of Ignoring Plaque and Tartar Buildup?
Ignoring plaque and tartar buildup leads to serious oral health problems, including:
- Cavities: Acid produced by plaque bacteria erodes tooth enamel, leading to cavities.
- Gingivitis: Inflammation and bleeding of the gums due to plaque irritation.
- Periodontitis: Advanced gum disease characterized by gum recession, bone loss, and potential tooth loss. Tartar significantly contributes to periodontitis.
- Bad breath: Bacteria in plaque and tartar produce volatile sulfur compounds, resulting in halitosis (bad breath).
How Often Should I See a Dentist for a Professional Cleaning?
The American Dental Association recommends visiting a dentist for a professional cleaning and examination at least twice a year, or more often if recommended by your dentist. This helps prevent the buildup of plaque and tartar and allows for early detection and treatment of any oral health problems.
In Summary: Plaque vs. Tartar
| Feature | Plaque | Tartar |
|---|---|---|
| Consistency | Soft, sticky | Hard, calcified |
| Color | Colorless initially, can become yellow | Yellowish-brown |
| Removal | Removable with brushing and flossing | Requires professional cleaning |
| Formation | Constant formation | Hardened plaque |
| Health Risk | Cavities, gingivitis | Gingivitis, periodontitis, tooth loss |
By understanding the difference between plaque and tartar, and prioritizing regular brushing, flossing, and professional dental cleanings, you can protect your oral health and maintain a beautiful, healthy smile. Remember to consult with your dentist for personalized advice and treatment.
